Slax всемогущий

If you have a hard disk that you want to wipe out, its fairly simple:

- burn the slax iso to a cd/dvd and boot up from it
- open a terminal screen (icon that looks like a TV at the left bottom)
- type "df -h" and you should see something like this:

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
aufs 12G 8.4G 3.4G 72% /
/dev/hda1 12G 8.4G 3.4G 72% /mnt/hda1
/dev/hda5 7.0G 4.1G 2.9G 59% /mnt/hda5

For simplicity sake, consider that the line "aufs .... 72% /" refers to your Slax OS. The other 2 lines will refer to the hard disks on your machine. If you have an IDE disk, it will read "/dev/hdxx" and if you have a SCSI or SATA disk it will read "/dev/sdxx". The letter "a" will be the 1st hard disk on your system, "b" is the 2nd harddisk and so on. Each partition can have up to 4 primary partitions so if you see the number 1 to 4, it means those are primary partitions. Anything above 4 is a logical partition. So bearing that in mind, you see from the example above I have 1 IDE hard disk (/dev/hda) and 2 partitions, one primary (1) and one logical (5). The primary partition /dev/hda1 is mounted to /mnt/hda1 so you can see the files in it by doing a "cd /mnt/hda1" then "ls". Same way the logical parition /dev/hda5 is mounted to /mnt/hda5 and you can check out the files on it by doing "cd /mnt/hda5" and then "ls"

The above is just for your info so you understand the output. So pick the partition that you want to install Slax to. You need to completely delete the partition and format it to the linux EXT2/EXT3 format. In windows you will usually format it to FAT32 or NTFS, but for linux we use EXT2/EXT3.

So lets say you decide to install Slax to /dev/hda1. In the terminal window, type "cfdisk /dev/hda" (not hda1 because you're going to access the partition information of the WHOLE hard disk with cfdisk.

The interface is a text user interface which is simple enough to understand. You use the up and down arrows to select which parition you want to work on, and the left and right arrows to select the command (at the bottom of the screen) that you want to perform.

So select /dev/hda1, then select [Delete], then select [New], then select [Primary] and then enter the size you want to make it or accept the value they give you (which is the whole disk), then select [Write] to save the change you've done to the disk. It will give you some warning about how your present information on the disk will be deleted and stuff, after that you can just continue to complete it.

Once you are done writing, you should be returned to the terminal prompt, where you can now format your hard disk partition you just created by typing "mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda1" which will make an EXT3 formated disk I prefer EXT3, but you can also use EXT2. Its up to you.

After that mount the partition so that you can access it. Check to see if /mnt/hda1 exists, if it doesn't then create it using "mkdir -p /mnt/hda1". After that mount the newly created partition to it by typing "mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/hda1". If its sd and not hd, then adjust the command accordingly.

Once that is done, you're ready to install Slax to your hard drive. You need the KDE GUI script for that.. Download from here :

http://backtrack.serveftp.com/backtrack/misctools/slax6-install.kmdr

Where ever you've saved the file to, invoke it from the command line like using "kmdr-executor /full/path/to/slax6-install.kmdr" where the "/full/path/to" is the path to whereever you've saved the slax6-install.kmdr. So if you've save it to /root/Desktop/slax6-install.kmdr, you invoke it by typing "kmdr-executor /root/Desktop/slax6-install.kmdr" (sorry for emphasizing so much on this point, you'll be suprised how many people don't understand what "/full/path/to" means).

You will get the GUI. Make sure :

Source (SLAX CD): blank Install SLAX to : points to /mnt/hda1 (where you just mounted the new partition) Write MBR to: points to /dev/hda (/dev NOT /mnt, hda and NOT hda1 - if yours is sd and not hd, adjust appropriately)

After that click "Install" and sit back and wait. When its done, reboot (remove your CD), you should get a lilo menu (red and yellow thing) with "Slax" as the default boot option which will run after about 4 seconds. The system should be booting from your harddrive now.

 alias Create an alias •
 apropos Search Help manual pages (man -k)
 apt-get Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
 aptitude Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
 aspell Spell Checker
 awk Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index
b:
 basename Strip directory and suffix from filenames
 bash GNU Bourne-Again SHell 
 bc Arbitrary precision calculator language 
 bg Send to background
 break Exit from a loop •
 builtin Run a shell builtin
 bzip2 Compress or decompress named file(s)
c:
 cal Display a calendar
 case Conditionally perform a command
 cat Concatenate and print (display) the content of files
 cd Change Directory
 cfdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
 chgrp Change group ownership
 chmod Change access permissions
 chown Change file owner and group
 chroot Run a command with a different root directory
 chkconfig System services (runlevel)
 cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts
 clear Clear terminal screen
 cmp Compare two files
 comm Compare two sorted files line by line
 command Run a command - ignoring shell functions •
 continue Resume the next iteration of a loop •
 cp Copy one or more files to another location
 cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands
 crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time
 csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces
 cut Divide a file into several parts
d:
 date Display or change the date & time
 dc Desk Calculator
 dd Convert and copy a file, write disk headers, boot records
 ddrescue Data recovery tool
 declare Declare variables and give them attributes •
 df Display free disk space
 diff Display the differences between two files
 diff3 Show differences among three files
 dig DNS lookup
 dir Briefly list directory contents
 dircolors Colour setup for `ls'
 dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path
 dirs Display list of remembered directories
 dmesg Print kernel & driver messages 
 du Estimate file space usage
e:
 echo Display message on screen •
 egrep Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression
 eject Eject removable media
 enable Enable and disable builtin shell commands •
 env Environment variables
 ethtool Ethernet card settings
 eval Evaluate several commands/arguments
 exec Execute a command
 exit Exit the shell
 expect Automate arbitrary applications accessed over a terminal
 expand Convert tabs to spaces
 export Set an environment variable
 expr Evaluate expressions
f:
 false Do nothing, unsuccessfully
 fdformat Low-level format a floppy disk
 fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
 fg Send job to foreground 
 fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string
 file Determine file type
 find Search for files that meet a desired criteria
 fmt Reformat paragraph text
 fold Wrap text to fit a specified width.
 for Expand words, and execute commands
 format Format disks or tapes
 free Display memory usage
 fsck File system consistency check and repair
 ftp File Transfer Protocol
 function Define Function Macros
 fuser Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file
g:
 gawk Find and Replace text within file(s)
 getopts Parse positional parameters
 grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
 groupadd Add a user security group
 groupdel Delete a group
 groupmod Modify a group
 groups Print group names a user is in
 gzip Compress or decompress named file(s)
h:
 hash Remember the full pathname of a name argument
 head Output the first part of file(s)
 help Display help for a built-in command •
 history Command History
 hostname Print or set system name
i:
 iconv Convert the character set of a file
 id Print user and group id's
 if Conditionally perform a command
 ifconfig Configure a network interface
 ifdown Stop a network interface 
 ifup Start a network interface up
 import Capture an X server screen and save the image to file
 install Copy files and set attributes
j:
 jobs List active jobs •
 join Join lines on a common field
k:
 kill Stop a process from running
 killall Kill processes by name
l:
 less Display output one screen at a time
 let Perform arithmetic on shell variables •
 ln Create a symbolic link to a file
 local Create variables •
 locate Find files
 logname Print current login name
 logout Exit a login shell •
 look Display lines beginning with a given string
 lpc Line printer control program
 lpr Off line print
 lprint Print a file
 lprintd Abort a print job
 lprintq List the print queue
 lprm Remove jobs from the print queue
 ls List information about file(s)
 lsof List open files
m:
 make Recompile a group of programs
 man Help manual
 mkdir Create new folder(s)
 mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)
 mkisofs Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem
 mknod Make block or character special files
 more Display output one screen at a time
 mount Mount a file system
 mtools Manipulate MS-DOS files
 mtr Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping)
 mv Move or rename files or directories
 mmv Mass Move and rename (files)
n:
 netstat Networking information
 nice Set the priority of a command or job
 nl Number lines and write files
 nohup Run a command immune to hangups
 notify-send Send desktop notifications
 nslookup Query Internet name servers interactively
o:
 open Open a file in its default application
 op Operator access 
p:
 passwd Modify a user password
 paste Merge lines of files
 pathchk Check file name portability
 ping Test a network connection
 pkill Stop processes from running
 popd Restore the previous value of the current directory
 pr Prepare files for printing
 printcap Printer capability database
 printenv Print environment variables
 printf Format and print data •
 ps Process status
 pushd Save and then change the current directory
 pwd Print Working Directory
q:
 quota Display disk usage and limits
 quotacheck Scan a file system for disk usage
 quotactl Set disk quotas
r:
 ram ram disk device
 rcp Copy files between two machines
 read Read a line from standard input •
 readarray Read from stdin into an array variable •
 readonly Mark variables/functions as readonly
 reboot Reboot the system
 rename Rename files
 renice Alter priority of running processes 
 remsync Synchronize remote files via email
 return Exit a shell function
 rev Reverse lines of a file
 rm Remove files
 rmdir Remove folder(s)
 rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)
s:
 screen Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
 scp Secure copy (remote file copy)
 sdiff Merge two files interactively
 sed Stream Editor
 select Accept keyboard input
 seq Print numeric sequences
 set Manipulate shell variables and functions
 sftp Secure File Transfer Program
 shift Shift positional parameters
 shopt Shell Options
 shutdown Shutdown or restart linux
 sleep Delay for a specified time
 slocate Find files
 sort Sort text files
 source Run commands from a file '.'
 split Split a file into fixed-size pieces
 ssh Secure Shell client (remote login program)
 strace Trace system calls and signals
 su Substitute user identity
 sudo Execute a command as another user
 sum Print a checksum for a file
 suspend Suspend execution of this shell •
 symlink Make a new name for a file
 sync Synchronize data on disk with memory
t:
 tail Output the last part of file
 tar Tape ARchiver
 tee Redirect output to multiple files
 test Evaluate a conditional expression
 time Measure Program running time
 timeout Run a command with a time limit
 times User and system times
 touch Change file timestamps
 top List processes running on the system
 traceroute Trace Route to Host
 trap Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)
 tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
 true Do nothing, successfully
 tsort Topological sort
 tty Print filename of terminal on stdin
 type Describe a command •
u:
 ulimit Limit user resources •
 umask Users file creation mask
 umount Unmount a device
 unalias Remove an alias •
 uname Print system information
 unexpand Convert spaces to tabs
 uniq Uniquify files
 units Convert units from one scale to another
 unset Remove variable or function names
 unshar Unpack shell archive scripts
 until Execute commands (until error)
 uptime Show uptime
 useradd Create new user account
 userdel Delete a user account
 usermod Modify user account
 users List users currently logged in
 uuencode Encode a binary file 
 uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode
v:
 v Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
 vdir Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
 vi Text Editor
 vmstat Report virtual memory statistics
w:
 wait Wait for a process to complete •
 watch Execute/display a program periodically
 wc Print byte, word, and line counts
 whereis Search the user's $path, man pages and source files for a program
 which Search the user's $path for a program file
 while Execute commands
 who Print all usernames currently logged in
 whoami Print the current user id and name (`id -un')
 wget Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
 write Send a message to another user 
x:
 xargs Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)
 xdg-open Open a file or URL in the user's preferred application.
 yes Print a string until interrupted
 . Run a command script in the current shell
 !! Run the last command again
 ### Comment / Remark